{"id":3920,"date":"2010-12-05T14:07:49","date_gmt":"2010-12-05T14:07:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/test.transversalmedia.eu\/indeed-happy-birthday-haiti\/"},"modified":"2010-12-05T14:07:49","modified_gmt":"2010-12-05T14:07:49","slug":"indeed-happy-birthday-haiti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/theresearchpapers.org\/archive\/indeed-happy-birthday-haiti\/","title":{"rendered":"Indeed, Happy Birthday Haiti!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Cholera crisis Haiti indeed celebrates its 518 years of &ldquo;history&rdquo; today!. Let&rsquo;s see all the things that Haiti has to be grateful to Columbus for (emphasis mine):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Following the arrival of Europeans, <strong>La Hispaniola&rsquo;s indigenous  population suffered near-extinction, in possibly the worst case of  depopulation in the Americas.<\/strong> A commonly accepted hypothesis attributes  <strong>the high mortality of this colony in part to Old World diseases to which  the natives had no immunity<\/strong>. <a title=\"Ta\u00edno\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ta%C3%ADno\">Ta\u00ednos<\/a> were able to survive and set up villages elsewhere.<\/li>\n<li>In 1664, the newly established <a title=\"French West India Company\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_West_India_Company\">French West India Company<\/a> took control over the colony, which it named <a title=\"Saint-Domingue\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saint-Domingue\">Saint-Domingue<\/a>,  and France formally claimed control of the western portion of the  island of Hispaniola. In 1670 they established the first permanent  French settlement on the mainland of Hispaniola, Cap Fran\u00e7ois (later Cap  Fran\u00e7ais, now <a title=\"Cap-Ha\u00eftien\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cap-Ha%C3%AFtien\">Cap-Ha\u00eftien<\/a>). Under the 1697 <a title=\"Treaty of Ryswick\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Ryswick\">Treaty of Ryswick<\/a>,  Spain officially ceded the western third of Hispaniola to France. By  that time, planters outnumbered buccaneers and, with the encouragement  of Louis XIV, they had begun to grow <a title=\"Tobacco\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tobacco\">tobacco<\/a>, <a title=\"Indigo\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indigo\">indigo<\/a>, <a title=\"Cotton\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cotton\">cotton<\/a>, and <a title=\"Cacao bean\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cacao_bean\">cacao<\/a> on the fertile northern plain, <strong>thus prompting the importation of <a title=\"African slave trade\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/African_slave_trade\">African slaves<\/a>. Slave <a title=\"Rebellion\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rebellion\">insurrections<\/a> were frequent and some slaves escaped to the mountains where they were  met by what would be one of the last generations of Ta\u00edno natives. After  the last Ta\u00edno died, the full-blooded Arawakan population on the island  was extinct.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>The labor for these plantations was provided by an estimated 790,000  African slaves <\/strong>(accounting in 1783-1791 for a third of the entire <a title=\"Atlantic slave trade\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atlantic_slave_trade\">Atlantic slave trade<\/a>).  Between 1764 and 1771, the average importation of slaves varied between  10,000-15,000, by 1786 about 28,000, and, from 1787 onward, the colony  received more than 40,000 slaves a year. However, the inability to  maintain slave numbers without constant resupply from Africa meant the  slave population, by 1789, totaled 500,000, <strong>ruled over by a white  population<\/strong> that, by 1789, numbered only 32,000.<sup id=\"cite_ref-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Haiti#cite_note-2\"><\/a><\/sup><strong>At all times, a majority of slaves in the colony were African-born, as  the brutal conditions of slavery prevented the population from  experiencing growth through natural increase<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>And that&rsquo;s just the first couple hundred years of &ldquo;history&rdquo;. <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Haiti\">Click here to read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cholera crisis Haiti indeed celebrates its 518 years of &ldquo;history&rdquo; today!. Let&rsquo;s see all the things that Haiti has to be grateful to Columbus for (emphasis mine): Following the arrival of Europeans, La Hispaniola&rsquo;s indigenous population suffered near-extinction, in possibly the worst case of depopulation in the Americas. A commonly accepted hypothesis attributes the high &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"loftocean_post_format_gallery":"","loftocean_post_format_gallery_ids":"","loftocean_post_format_gallery_urls":"","loftocean_post_format_video_id":0,"loftocean_post_format_video_url":"","loftocean_post_format_video_type":"","loftocean_post_format_video":"","loftocean_post_format_audio_type":"","loftocean_post_format_audio_url":"","loftocean_post_format_audio_id":0,"loftocean_post_format_audio":"","loftocean-featured-post":"","loftocean-like-count":0,"loftocean-view-count":1005,"loftocean_coauthors":"","alpaca_post_content_reading_setting":"","alpaca_reading_speed_per_minute":0,"alpaca_reading_speed_unit":"","alpaca_single_post_template_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[868,13],"class_list":["post-3920","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-genocide","tag-history"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Indeed, Happy Birthday Haiti! - The Research Papers<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/theresearchpapers.org\/archive\/indeed-happy-birthday-haiti\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Indeed, Happy Birthday Haiti! - The Research Papers\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cholera crisis Haiti indeed celebrates its 518 years of &ldquo;history&rdquo; today!. Let&rsquo;s see all the things that Haiti has to be grateful to Columbus for (emphasis mine): Following the arrival of Europeans, La Hispaniola&rsquo;s indigenous population suffered near-extinction, in possibly the worst case of depopulation in the Americas. 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